Fibonacci's Golden Gallery
Copyright © 2009 James Grant
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For both of these flowers, I count 34 rows spiralling outward in the clockwise direction and 55 going counterclockwise. 34 and 55 are adjacent numbers in the Fibonacci series. You can find this pattern in pineapples, pine cones and in many other plants. For pineapples, it is typically 8 and 13 rows respectively. The number of rows (8 and 13, 34 and 55) is not intentionally chosen by the plant, it is just the result of the pattern of growth (each bud comes 137.5° after the last) and the rate of growth: fast growth gives fewer rows, slow growth gives more rows. If a plant or fruit changes its rate of growth, the pattern is damaged.
The Golden Spiral is superimposed on these two pictures to see if the spiralling rows match. It is close, but not a perfect match. Perhaps the flowers did not grow at the ideal rate. Perhaps these flowers can't be expected to produces Golden Spirals.


Broccoli
Asparagus
Cauliflower
Artichoke